The answer is actually a combination of two separate solutions, each of which did not work separately. I have 10.04 now working headless on two different servers (different MB, Video…) and both are working great.
Step 1. Create a xorg.conf in /etc/X11 with the following. I tried Step 2 without doing this and it failed exactly as it had before.
Section “Device”
Identifier “VNC Device”
Driver “vesa”
EndSection
Section “Screen”
Identifier “VNC Screen”
Device “VNC Device”
Monitor “VNC Monitor”
SubSection “Display”
Modes “1024×768”
EndSubSection
EndSection
Section “Monitor”
Identifier “VNC Monitor”
HorizSync 30-70
VertRefresh 50-75
EndSection
Step 2. Disable KMS for your video card as described here https://wiki.ubuntu.com/X/KernelModeSetting
The jist is to know which video card manufacturer you have and use the command line entry below it to create the appropriate kms.conf file with the line “options…modeset=0” line in it. If you have access to the GUI you could just are easily create/modify the file and put the “options…modeset=0” in as appropriate.
The following are input into the terminal windows as a line command.
# ATI Radeon:
echo options radeon modeset=0 > /etc/modprobe.d/radeon-kms.conf
# Intel:
echo options i915 modeset=0 > /etc/modprobe.d/i915-kms.conf
# Nvidia (this should revert you to using -nv or -vesa):
echo options nouveau modeset=0 > /etc/modprobe.d/nouveau-kms.conf
Step 3. Reboot…Putty In…startx…GTG!